Mechanical ventilation
Mechanical ventilation: (1) Parameters: (a) Rate: Number of mechanical breaths delivered per minute (b) FiO 2 : Fraction of oxygen in inspired gas (c) PIP: Peak inspiratory pressure attained during respiratory cycle (d) Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP): Distending pressure that increases functional residual capacity (FRC), or volume of gas at the end of exhalation (e) Mean airway pressure (P aw ): Average airway pressure over entire respiratory cycle, which correlates to mean alveolar volume (f) Tidal volume (V T ): Volume of gas delivered during inspiration (g) Time: May indicate a function of time spent in inspiration (T in high pressure (T high ), or in low pressure (T low ) i (2) Modes of ventilation: (a) Controlled ventilation: Ventilation is completely mechanical with no spontaneous ventilation efforts expected from the patient. (i) Pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV): A preset respiratory rate and T i deliver a pressure-limited breath (the set pressure is maintaine...
